Process models provide a high-level form of specification. This has been developed principally for assessment but can also be used for planning purposes. The tables below relate process models to other forms of specification, for general usability and for UK MoD projects. The experience of generic methodologies has been unfortunate - they require enormous textbooks but do not enable the user to distinguish between necessary tailoring and unacceptable short-cuts. Corporate methodologies have proved more successful, but the costs of developing and maintaining the textbooks and providing company-specific training are formidable. Open standard process models offer significant benefits to suppliers and customers, in terms of both cost and effectiveness.
|
Form of specification |
Format requirements |
User |
Usability examples |
General examples |
|
Process statement |
Outcome, goals, activities, work products |
Assessor, process implementer, planner |
ISO TR 18529 Human System model ISO PAS HS nnnn |
ISO 12207, 15288, EFQM (1999) |
| Methodology, contextualised process statement- generic |
Activities, inputs, outputs |
Project manager |
UPA lifecycle (Ross et al, 2000), CCTA (2000) |
Software Engineering, SSADM, Yourdon |
|
Methodology, contextualised process statement - corporate |
Activities, inputs, outputs |
Project manager |
Philips HumanWare (Taylor et al, 1998) |
IBM’s project lifecycle |
|
Project instantiation |
Activities, dependencies, resources, timing |
Project manager |
Usability Plan |
Project Plan |
|
Project enactment |
Activities, tools, resources, procedures, inputs, outputs |
Specialist |
Stakeholder workshop, Task Analysis, Prototyping |
Systems Analysis, HAZOP, Factory Testing |
|
Form of specification |
Format requirements |
User |
Usability examples |
General examples |
|
Process statement |
Outcome, goals, activities, work products |
Assessor, process implementer, planner |
ISO TR 18529 HS Model ISO PAS |
ISO 12207, 15288, EFQM (1999) |
|
Methodology, contextualised process statement - generic |
Activities, inputs, outputs |
Project manager |
UPA lifecycle (Ross et al, 2000), CCTA (2000) |
Software Engineering, SSADM, Yourdon |
|
Methodology, contextualised process statement - corporate |
Activities, inputs, outputs |
Project manager |
(SSP10, 11, 12) HFIP, TLMP, HFI Guides |
CADMID lifecycle, AMS guidance |
|
Project instantiation |
Activities, dependencies, resources, timing |
Project manager |
HFIP |
Project Plan |
|
Project enactment |
Activities, tools, resources, procedures, inputs, outputs |
Specialist |
SSP's, Stakeholder workshop, Task Analysis, Prototyping |
Systems Analysis, HAZOP, Factory Testing |